Herbicide application on Genetically Modified Maize influences bee visitation

Authors

  • Higor de Castro Monteiro Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
  • Michael Willian Rocha de Souza Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
  • Letícia Alves Carvalho Reis Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM
  • Evander Alves Ferreira Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM
  • Veríssimo Gibran Mendes de Sá Dow AgroSciences Industrial LTDA, Zionsville Rd, Indianapolis, Indiana State, EUA
  • Marcus Alvarenga Soares Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v66i2.3390

Keywords:

Zea mays, Transgenic, Pollinating Insects

Abstract

Brazil is one of the world’s largest producers of maize (Zea mays L.). Cry proteins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely used in transgenic maize due to their toxicity and specificity against insects that damage crops. In addition, these plants have been stacked with different herbicide tolerance genes. Non-target insects end up being exposed to Bt proteins and herbicide applications. There is little information on the effects of Bt transgenics and their cultural practices on the behavior of pollinators in genetically modified crops. The aim of this research was to verify the impact of genotypes of genetically modified maize, Herculex®, PowerCore®, and the conventional isohybrid, pulverized or not with herbicides (atrazine, glufosinate-ammonium and nicosulfuron) in bee populations. In order to evaluate the presence of insects, a zig-zag tour was carried out throughout the experimental field, ascertained from visual analysis and direct counting of six plants per plot (the dimensions of the plots were 2.5 x 10 m with five maize lines spaced 0.50 m between rows and 0.36 m between plants) randomly, 18 days after spraying herbicides in the area. Apis mellifera (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Tetragonisca angustula (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Trigona spinipes (F.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were the pollinator species identified in the crop. It was observed that the incidence of pollinator insects varied according to cultivars and herbicides tested; however, the PowerCore® genotype experienced more visitation of pollinating bees independently of the herbicide treatments. 

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Author Biographies

Higor de Castro Monteiro, Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Departamento de Agronomia

Michael Willian Rocha de Souza, Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Departamento de Agronomia

Letícia Alves Carvalho Reis, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM

Departamento de Agronomia

Evander Alves Ferreira, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM

Departamento de Agronomia

Veríssimo Gibran Mendes de Sá, Dow AgroSciences Industrial LTDA, Zionsville Rd, Indianapolis, Indiana State, EUA

Toxicology

Marcus Alvarenga Soares, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM

Departamento de Agronomia

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Published

2019-08-20

How to Cite

Monteiro, H. de C., de Souza, M. W. R., Reis, L. A. C., Ferreira, E. A., de Sá, V. G. M., & Soares, M. A. (2019). Herbicide application on Genetically Modified Maize influences bee visitation. Sociobiology, 66(2), 274–278. https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v66i2.3390

Issue

Vol. 66 No. 2 (2019)

Section

Research Article - Bees

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