Occurrence of Gregarines (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) in the Neotropical Soldierless Ruptitermes spp. (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)

Authors

  • Vanelize Janei Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro-SP, Brazil
  • Ana Maria Costa-Leonardo Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro-SP, Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i4.8268

Keywords:

parasitism, midgut, Ruptitermes pitan, Ruptitermes reconditus

Abstract

This is the first record of gregarine infection in the worker midgut of the Neotropical termites Ruptitermes pitan and Ruptitermes reconditus. Gregarines have already been described in the gut and hemocoel in workers of other termite species, and although these protozoa are not able to kill these insects, they may affect their fitness. In the present study, gregarines were only observed in the gut lumen or linked to the midgut wall of termite workers. Histological sections of the worker midgut of Ruptitermes spp. showed three phases of the gregarine life cycle with the same individual worker displayed up to 4 gamonts and 2 trophozoites.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Acioli, A.N.S. & Constantino, R. (2015). A taxonomic revision of the neotropical termite genus Ruptitermes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae). Zootaxa, 4032: 451-492. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4032.5.1

Arcila, F. & Meunier, J. (2020). Friend or foe? The apparent benefits of gregarine (Apicomplexa: Sporozoa) infection in the European earwig. International Journal for Parasitology, 50: 461-469. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.01.007.

Adl, S.M., Bass, D., Lane, C.E., Lukeš, J., Schoch, C.L., Sminorv, A., Agatha, S., Berney, C., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Cárdenas, P., Čepička, I., Chistyakova, L., del Campo, J., Dunthorn, M., Edvardsen, B., Eglit, Y., Guillou, L., Hampl, V., Heiss, A.A., Hoppenrath, M., James, T.Y., Karnkowska, A., Karpov, S., Kim, E., Kolisko, M., Kudryavtsev, A., Lahr, D.J.G., Lara, E., Le Gall, L., Lynn, D.H., Mann, D.G., Massana, R., Mitchell, E.A.D., Morrow, C., Park, J.S., Pawlowski, J.W., Powell, M.J., Richter, D.J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Shimano, S., Spiegel, F.W., Torruella, G., Youssef, N., Zlatogursky, V. & Zhang, Q. (2019). Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 66: 4-119. doi: 10.1111/jeu.12691.

Bourguignon, T., Šobotník, J., Dahlsjö, C.A.L. & Roisin, Y. (2016). The soldierless Apicotermitinae: insights into a poorly known and ecologically dominant tropical taxon. Insectes Sociaux, 63: 39-50. doi: 10.1007/s00040-015-0446-y

Bouwma, A.M., Howard, K.J. & Jeanne, R.L. (2005). Parasitism in a social wasp: effect of gregarines on foraging behavior, colony productivity, and adult mortality. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 59: 222-233. doi: 10.1007/s002 65-005-0028-5

Chouvenc, T., Su, N.-Y. & Grace, J.K. (2011). Fifty years of attempted biological control of termites - Analysis of a failure. Biological Control, 59: 69-82. doi: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011. 06.015

Constantino, R. (2022). On-Line Termites Database.

Disponível em: <http://www.unb.br/ib/zoo/docente/constant/catal/catnew.html>. Access in: 18. august. 2022

Cordoba-Aguilar, A. (2003). A description of male and female genitalia and reconstruction of copulatory and fertilization events in Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis (Zygoptera: Calopterygidae). Odonatologica, 32: 205-214.

Costa-Leonardo, A.M., Casarin, F.E. & Constantini, J.P. (2008). Record of a gregarine (Apicomplexa: Neogregarinida) in the abdomen of the termite Coptotermes gestroi (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 97: 114-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2007.08.002

Criado-Fornelio, A., Verdú-Expósito, C., Martin-Pérez, T., Heredero-Bermejo, I., Pérez-Serrano, J., Guàrdia-Valle, L. & Panisello-Panisello, M. (2017). A survey for gregarines (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) in arthropods in Spain. Parasitology Research, 116: 99-110. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-5266-0

Gigliolli, A.A.S., Julio, A.H.F. & Conte, H. (2016). The life cycle of Gregarina cuneata in the midgut of Tribolium castaneum and the effects of parasitism on the development of insects. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 106: 258-267. doi: 10.1017/S0007485315001121

Grassé, P.-P. (1982). Les glandes tégumentaires. In: Grassé P-P (ed) Termitologia, Tome I. Mason, Paris, pp 85-129.

Grassé, P.-P. (1986). Termitologia, vol III. Masson, Paris, 715p.

Hall, D. & Hostettler, N. (1993). Septate Gregarines from Reticulitermes flavipes and Reticulitermes virginicus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 40: 29-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1993.tb04878.x

Henry, D.P. (1933). Hirmocystis termitis (Leidy) and Kofoidina ovata Gen. Nov., Sp, Nov. from Termites. Archiv für Protistenkunde, 80: 101-115.

Huger, V.A.M. & Lenz, M. (1976). Nachweis einer Cölomgregarine (Protozoa: Sporozoa) bei der australischen Termite Coptotermes acinaciformis (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 81: 252-258. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1976.tb04234.x

Kalavati, C. & Narasimhamurti, C.C. (1978). Three new species of gregarines from termites. Proceeding of the Indian Academy of Sciences, 87B: 397-404.

Kalavati, C. & Narasimhamurti, C.C. (1980). A new species of septate gregarine, Sphaerocystis odontotermi n.sp. from the gut of a xylophagous termite, Odontotermes sp. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, 89: 25-28.

Kolman, J.A., Clopton, R.E. & Clopton, D.T. (2015). Effects of developmental temperature on gametocysts and oocysts of two species of gregarines Blabericola migrator and Blabericola cubensis (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida: Blabericolidae) parasitizing blaberid cockroaches (Dictyoptera:Blaberidae). Journal of Parasitology, 101: 651-657. doi: 10.1645/14-673

Lo, N. & Eggleton, P. (2011). Termite Phylogenetics and Co-cladogenesis with Symbionts. In D. Bignell, Y. Roisin & N. Lo (Eds.), Biology of Termites: a Modern Synthesis (pp 27-50). Springer: Dordrecht. doi: 10.1007/978-90-481-3977-4_2

Logan, J.D., Janovy, J. & Bunker, B.E. (2012). The life cycle and fitness domain of gregarine (Apicomplexa) parasites. Ecological Modelling, 233: 31-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.03.018

Lopes, R.B. & Alves, S.B. (2005). Effect of Gregarina sp. parasitism on the susceptibility of Blattella germanica to some control agents. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 88: 261-264. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2005.01.010

Manwell, R.D. (1961). Introduction to Protozoology. St. Martin’s Press, New York.

Matews, A.G.A. (1977). Studies on termites from the Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Rio de Janeiro.

Rueckert, S., Betts, E.L. & Tsaousis, A.D. (2019). The Symbiotic Spectrum: Where Do the Gregarines Fit? Trends in Parasitology, 35: 687-694. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.06.013.

Schimid-Hempel, P. (1998). Parasites in Social Insects. Princeton, NJ, 392p.

Silvestri, F. (1901). Nota preliminare sui Termitidi sud-americani. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia e Anatomia Comparata della Università di Torino, 16: 1-8.

Uttangi, J.C. & Desai, R.N. (1962). On some gregarines from the non xylophagous termite Speculitermes Cyclops sinhalensis from Dharwar, India. Journal of Animal Morphology and Physiology, 9: 97-109.

Villanueva, F.R. (2004). Generalidades y potencialidad en biocontrol de las gregarinas entomoparásitas. Ciencia UANL, 7: 355-360.

Zhang, S., Lin, Z., Huang, Q., Shen, Y. & Ni, J. (2021). First record of gregarine protists (Apicomplexa: Sporozoa) in Asian fungus‑growing termite Macrotermes barneyi (Blattaria: Termitidae). Scientific Reports, 11: 1-9. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79671-7

Zuk, M. (1987). The effects of gregarine parasites on longevity, weight loss, fecundity and developmental time in the field crickets Gryllus veletis and G. pennsylvanicus. Ecological Entomology, 12: 349-354. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2311.1987.tb01014.x

Downloads

Published

2022-12-28

How to Cite

Janei, V., & Costa-Leonardo, A. M. (2022). Occurrence of Gregarines (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) in the Neotropical Soldierless Ruptitermes spp. (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae). Sociobiology, 69(4), e8268. https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i4.8268

Issue

Section

Short Note